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OBJECTIVE： To establish a method for amygdalin， paeoniforin， baicalin， glycyrrhizic acid， emodin and chrysophanol in Dahuang zhechong pills. METHODS： HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Welchrom C18 with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1％ phosphoric acid （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃， and the detection wavelengths were set at 210 nm （amygdalin）， 230 nm （paeoniforin， baicalin） and 250 nm [glycyrrhizic acid （calculated with ammonium glycyrrhizinate）， emodin， chrysophanol]. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS： The linear ranges of amygdalin，paeonifiorin，baicalin，ammonium glycyrrhizinate， emodin and chrysophanol fell within the ranges of 21.028-157.71，2.052-90.390， 34.288-257.16， 8.252 0-61.890， 3.272 0-24.540，4.768 0-35.760 μg/mL （all r≥0.999 2）. The limits of detection were 0.105 0， 0.121 0， 0.068 6， 0.082 5， 0.024 6， 0.017 9 μg/mL. The limits of quantitation were 0.263 0， 0.362 0， 0.171 0， 0.268 0， 0.065 5， 0.047 7 μg/mL. RSDs of precision， stability（12 h）and reproducibility tests were lower than 2.00％ （n＝6）. The average recoveries were 96.01％-100.76％ （RSD＝1.63％，n＝6）， 97.09％-101.86％ （RSD＝1.50％，n＝6）， 99.70％-101.99％（RSD＝0.82％，n＝6），96.29％-99.52％（RSD＝1.35％，n＝6）， 98.47％-102.14％ （RSD＝1.35％， n＝6） and 97.19％-99.16％（RSD＝0.69％，n＝6），respectively. CONCLUSIONS： The method is accurate， simple and reproducible for simultaneous determination of amygdalin， paeoniforin， baicalin， glycyrrhizic acid， emodin and chrysophanol in Dahuang zhechong pills.
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Objective@#To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker for nine effective constituents in Chenxiang-Huaqi tablets.@*Methods@#Using HPLC method, the mobile phase was acetonitrile -0.2% physcion acid in gradient elution program, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 230 nm for liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone, and 283 nm for narirutin, naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin, and 310 nm for pogostone. The column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 10 μl. Using Hesperidin as the internal standard, the relative correction factors among liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, costunolide, dehydrocostus lactone, narirutin, naringin, neohesperidin, pogostone were detected by QAMS and their contents were calculated. The content difference of the above nine components with the external standard method were compared.@*Results@#The calculated values of hesperidin, liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, costunolide, dehydrocostus lactone, narirutin, naringin, neohesperidin, pogostone were not statistical significance from those measured by external standard method (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#The method offered reference for quality standard of Chenxiang-Huaqi tablets.
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Objective To develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker for nine effective constituents in Chenxiang-Huaqi tablets. Methods Using HPLC method, the mobile phase was acetonitrile -0.2% physcion acid in gradient elution program, the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 230 nm for liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone, and 283 nm for narirutin, naringin, hesperidin and neohesperidin, and 310 nm for pogostone. The column temperature was 30 and the injection volume was 10 μl.℃ Using Hesperidin as the internal standard, the relative correction factors among liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, costunolide, dehydrocostus lactone, narirutin, naringin, neohesperidin, pogostone were detected by QAMS and their contents were calculated. The content difference of the above nine components with the external standard method were compared. Results The calculated values of hesperidin, liquiritin, ammonium glycyrrhizinate, costunolide, dehydrocostus lactone, narirutin, naringin, neohesperidin, pogostone were not statistical significance from those measured by external standard method (P>0.05). Conclusions The method offered reference for quality standard of Chenxiang-Huaqi tablets.
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Aim To explore the effects of hydrocortisone on intracellular calcium in microglial cells.Methods The intracellular calcium was measured by instantaneous scanning with confocal laser microscope(CLM) in BV-2 cells, and fluo3-AM was used to dye the intracellular calcium.Results Both hydrocortisone and nicotine could obviously increase intracellular calcium in BV-2 cells(P0.05);but the blocker of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7nAChR) methyllycaconitine could suppress the rising of intracellular calcium induced by hydrocortisone(P<0.05).Conclusion Hydrocortisone enhances intracellular calcium via α7nAChR in microglial cells, which not only demonstrates the non-genomic effect of glucocorticoid, but also suggests that glucocorticoid could serve as endogenous ligand of α7nAChR.
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Aim Carvacrol ( CAR ) , possesses a wide variety of pharmacological properties including antioxi-dant and anti-inflammatory potential. The present stud-y is designed to investigate the effect of CAR on glu-cose and lipid metabolism in type 1 diabetic mice. Methods Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal( i. p) injection of streptozotocin into male mice at the dose of 45 mg·kg-1 body weight( BW) . Mice were divided into three different groups containing eight to twelve in each. Age matched male C57 mice were used as nor-mal controls. Group I diabetes, Group Ⅱ and Ⅱ in-jected with CAR at 10 and 20 mg · kg-1 BW respec-tively once daily. After CAR injection 2, 4 or 6 weeks, the rats were weighted and the plasma concen-trations of glucose, total cholesterol( TC) , triglycerides (TG), Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(AST), Ala-nine transaminase( ALT) levels were enzymatically de-termined using commercial kits. Results STZ-induced C57 BL/6 J diabetic mice showed an elevation in serum glucose, TG, ALT, AST and LDH levels. Compared to diabetic mice, administration of CAR resulted in sig-nificant decreases(P <0. 05) in plasma glucose, TG and LDH levels in a dose dependent manner, but no effect on elevated TC, ALT and AST levels. Conclu-sion These major findings provide evidence that CAR has anti diabetic property and it has the potential for development into a drug to prevent hyperglycemia, re-duce blood lipids and protect the dammaged organs.
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Aim To investigate the effects of DGK in-hibitor R59022 on ET-1-induced myocardial hypertro-phy and autophagy, and explore the possible mecha-nisms. Methods Myocardial hypertrophy was in-duced by ET-1 in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyo-cytes. Western blot was used to detect the expression of microtubule-associate protein 1 light chain 3 ( LC3 ) , beclin-1, p62, p-Akt and Akt. mRNA expression of brain natriuretic peptide ( BNP) and beta mysion heav-y chain (β-MHC) and the cell size of cardiomyocytes were detected by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence, respectively. Results Treatment cardiomyocytes with ET-1(10 -7 mol·L-1 ) for 24 h induced the myocardi-al hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with the activation of autophagy as evidenced by the in-creased expression of autophagy-related proteins LC3-II/I and beclin-1 , as well as the increased p62 degra-dation. While, myocardial hypertrophy induced by ET-1 , including the increased myocardial cell size and the mRNA expression of fetal gene BNP and β-MHC, could be reversed by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyl ade-nine (3-MA) and chloroquine ( CQ) ,but promoted by autophagy agonist rapamycin ( RAPA ) . Pretreatment cardiomyocytes with R59022, an inhibitor of DGK, en-hanced ET-1-induced myocardial hypertrophy by en-hancing autophagy in cardiomyocytes. Furthermore,ET-1 treatment inhibited the activation of Akt by the down-regulation of the Akt phosphorylation, and R59022 en-hanced the effect of ET-1 on the activation of Akt. Conclusions Enhanced autophagy contributes to car-diomyocyte hypertrophy. R59022 deteriorate ET-1-in-duced myocardial hypertrophy by activating autophagy. The possible mechanism may be related to the inhibi-tion of activation of mTOR signaling pathway by inhibi-ting the activation of Akt.
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Aim To study the effect of activating Sonic hedgehog( Shh) pathway on the function of endothelial progenitor cells ( EPCs ) in type 1 diabetic mice. Methods EPCs were isolated and cultured by density gradient method from diabetic mice. The effects of Shh N-terminal peptide and agonist SAG on EPCs prolifera-tion were evaluated by using the MTT colorimetric as-say. EPCs migration was measured by Transwell meth-od. EPCs tube formation ability was estimated by Matrigel . EPCs senescence activity was determined by β-galactosidase staining. Results Compared with control mice, the function of EPCs in type 1 diabetic mice was impaired. The proliferation, migration and tube formation of diabetic EPCs could be promoted by Shh peptide and agonist SAG. The senescence of dia-betic EPCs could be decreased by Shh peptide and ag-onist SAG. Conclusion Activating Shh signaling pathway can improve the impared function of diabetic EPCs in type 1 diabetic mice.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the prevalence rate as well as antibiotics usage in tumor hospital. METHODS The nosocomical prevalence rate of 350 cases in our hospital on 22 Apr,2008 were investigated through and case records. RESULTS Of total 350 cases,15 cases had nosocomial infection with an infection rate 4.3%,and 16 infected sites 4.6% existed.Of all the nosocomial infection cases,the respiratory infection was 40.0% and the urinary tract infection was 26.7%.The antibiotic use rate was 23.7%,from them 65.1% with a single antibiotic and 30.1% with two antibiotics combined. CONCLUSIONS By strengthening the surveillance of clinical departments and the management of antibiotic use the nosocomial infection control could be improved.
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@#ObjectiveTo study the speciality of cerebral blood flow velocity of patients with spinal cord injury at different stages after injury.MethodsCerebral blood flow velocity of 46 patients with spinal cord injury were examined by color Doppler ultrasonic technique.ResultsThere was significant difference in diastolic velocity of CBF between patients with course of disease being 3-6 months and >6 months. ConclusionUltrasonography provides an basis for the diagnosis of cerebral blood flow velocity at clinical.
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ObjectiveTo observe the effects of D-limonene on lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Methods Human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-435 were implanted into the mammary fat pad of 24 female nude mice to establish breast cancer model. The tumor volume and the incidences of lymph node metastasis were detected. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the lymphatic microvessel density and VEGF-C expression of the breast cancer tissues. Results In D-limonene group, tumor volume(0.824?0.31) and incidences of lymph node metastasis(25.0%) were significantly inhibited compared with control group (2.178?0.35,87.5%)(all P
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Objective To investigate the expression of CK19mRNA and CD44mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with breast cancer for forecasting micrometastasis. Methods Expression of CK19 and CD44 were detected in 107 patients by RT-PCR method. Results CK19 and CD44 were positive in 31.8%(34/107) and 32.7%(35/107) of patients with breast cancer 24 hours before surgery respectively,which were statistically different from that of 12 days postoperatively and that of normal controls (all P
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Objective To observe the effects of D-limonene on the adhesiveness and invasion of gastric cancer cell line-SGC-7901. Methods MTT chromatometry was used to detect the effects of D-limonene on cancer cell′s survival rate. Fibronectin and laminin were employed to detect the adhesive inhibition of SGC-7901 by D-limonene. Using artificial basal membrane,invasion inhibition of SGC-7901 was studied in Transwell cabin. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) protein of SGC-7901 was detected by Western-blot. Results The growth of cancer cells was significantly inhibited in a dose dependent manner. The adhesiveness and invasion were prohibited. At the dosage of 0.25 mmol/L,the expression of MMP-2 was down regulated (2.9?0.3),and TIMP-2 up regulated (29.5?0.6) significantly different from control groups (28.6?0.5 and 18.6?0.3,all P
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@# ObjectiveTo search for the optimal treatment of hydronephrosis after spinal cord injury .Methods46 cases were treated by indwelling catheter, intermittent catheterization and drug therapy, and comprehensive therapy respectively. The course of treatment and the recurrence rate were observed after hydronephrosis remitted. Results There were no differences in the course of treatment among the three different kinds of therapy. The recurrence rate of the detrusor sphincter dyssynergia(85.7%) was higher than that of the detrusor hyperreflexia (35%) and the detrusor hyporeflexia(25%).ConclusionsThe optimal therapy on slight and moderate hydronephrosis should be intermittent catheterization and drug therapy to avoid the complications of long term indwelling catheter. SCI hydronephrosis is indistinct and recurrent easily. B ultrasound for kidneys is helpful in discovering SCI hydronephrosis on early stage. The earlier the treatment, the better the prognosis. Urodynamics plays an important role in the management of SCI hydronephrosis.
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Objective To observe the effects of Astragalus Polysaccharide(ASP)and total glucosides of paeony(TGP)on lipid accumulation in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells.Methods The content of lipid accumulation in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells was measured through photoes under microscope and graph analysis software.Results In the culture medium without apoA-I,the content of lipid accumulation in the groups of ASP was increased significantly(P
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AIM To examine whether pretreatment with simvastatin protects the heart against free radical injury. METHODS 1 1 diphenyl 2 picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) was used for triggering free radical injury in cardiac tissue. Simvastatin against free radical injury was investigated in a Langendorff fused rat heart. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximal velocity of increase of LVP (+d p /d t max ), heart rate (HR) coronary flow (CF) and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in cardiac tissue were measured. RESULT In the DPPH free radical group, DPPH signficantly decreased LVDP, +d p /d t max , HR was slowed and CF was reduced. The formation of MDA was significantly enhanced. ( P
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AIM To study the effects of DIDS and furosemide on the contraction induced by phenylephrine and the endothelium-dependent relexation induced by ATP. METHODS Measurement of isometric force of rat thoracic aortae rings with and without endothelium. RESULTS DIDS(1～300 ?mol?L -1 ) and furosemide(10～320 ?mol?L -1 ) inhibited the contractile response induced by phenylephrine in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory rate was different between aortic ring endothelium-intact and that endothelium-denuded. The values of IC_ 50 for DIDS were (12.0?8.0) ?mol?L -1 and (28.3?7.3) ?mol?L -1 respectively,while the values of IC_ 50 for furosemide were (17.9?6.6) ?mol?L -1 and (41.0?15.6) ?mol?L -1 respectively. DIDS(10 ?mol?L -1 ) did not chang ATP-induced vasodilative effect at the concentrations of 10 ?mol?L -1 and 100 ?mol?L -1 , but enhanced the relaxation induced by 1 mmol?L -1 ATP. Furosemide (20 ?mol?L -1 ) had no effect on the relaxation induced by ATP(10 ?mol?L -1 ), but prolonged the relaxation when the concentration of ATP added to 100 ?mol?L -1 and 1 mmol?L -1 ( P